George Washington (February 22, 1732 – December 14, 1799) was the dominant military and political leader of the new United States of America from 1775 to 1797, leading the American victory over Britain in the American Revolutionary War as commander in chief of the Continental Army, 1775–1783, and presiding over the writing of the Constitution in 1787. As the unanimous choice to serve as the first President of the United States (1789–1797), he developed the forms and rituals of government that have been used ever since, such as using a cabinet system and delivering an inaugural address. The president built a strong, well-financed national government that avoided war, suppressed rebellion and won acceptance among Americans of all types. Acclaimed ever since as the "Father of his country", Washington, along with Abraham Lincoln, has become a central icon of republican values, self sacrifice in the name of the nation, American nationalism and the ideal union of civic and military leadership.

In Colonial Virginia Washington was born into the provincial gentry in a wealthy, well connected family that owned tobacco plantations using slave labor. Washington was home schooled by his father and older brother but both died young and Washington became attached to the powerful Fairfax clan. They promoted his career as surveyor and soldier. Strong, brave, eager for combat and a natural leader, young Washington quickly became a senior officer of the colonial forces, 1754–58, during the first stages of the French and Indian War. Indeed his rash actions helped precipitate the war.

Washington's experience, his military bearing, his leadership of the Patriot cause in Virginia, and his political base in the largest colony made him the obvious choice of the Second Continental Congress in 1775 as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army to fight the British in the American Revolution. He forced the British out of Boston in 1776, but was defeated and nearly captured later that year when he lost New York City. After crossing the Delaware River in the dead of winter he defeated the British in two battles and retaking New Jersey. Because of his strategy, Revolutionary forces captured two major British armies at Saratoga in 1777 and Yorktown in 1781. Negotiating with Congress, governors, and French allies, he held together a tenuous army and a fragile nation amid the threats of disintegration and invasion. Historians give the commander in chief high marks for his selection and supervision of his generals, his encouragement of morale, his coordination with the state governors and state militia units, his relations with Congress, and his attention to supplies, logistics, and training. In battle, however, Washington was repeatedly outmaneuvered by British generals with larger armies. In the New York campaign of 1776 and the Philadelphia campaign, General William Howe repeatedly flanked him, and eventually took both cities, although the British abandoned Philadelphia after France entered the war in 1778, and Washington forced a major inconclusive battle at Monmouth Court House during their march to New York. Washington is given full credit for the strategies that forced the British evacuation of Boston in 1776 and the surrender at Yorktown in 1781. After victory was finalized in 1783, Washington resigned rather than seize power, and returned to his plantation at Mount Vernon; this prompted his erstwhile enemy King George III to call him "the greatest character of the age".

Washington presided over the Constitutional Convention that drafted the United States Constitution in 1787 because of his dissatisfaction with the weaknesses of Articles of Confederation that had time and again impeded the war effort. Washington became President of the United States in 1789. Once President, he attempted to bring rival factions together in order to create a more unified nation. He supported Alexander Hamilton's programs to pay off all the state and national debts, implement an effective tax system, and create a national bank, despite opposition from Thomas Jefferson. Washington proclaimed the U.S. neutral in the wars raging in Europe after 1793. He avoided war with Britain and guaranteed a decade of peace and profitable trade by securing the Jay Treaty in 1795, despite intense opposition from the Jeffersonians. Although never officially joining the Federalist Party, he supported its programs. Washington's farewell address was a primer on republican virtue and a stern warning against partisanship, sectionalism, and involvement in foreign wars. Washington had a vision of a great and powerful nation that would be built on republican lines using federal power. He sought to use the national government to improve the infrastructure, open the western lands, create a national university, promote commerce, found a capital city (later named Washington, D.C.), reduce regional tensions and promote a spirit of nationalism. "The name of AMERICAN," he said, must override any local attachments." At his death Washington was hailed as "first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen". The Federalists made him the symbol of their party, but for many years the Jeffersonians continued to distrust him and delayed building the Washington Monument. As the leader of the first successful revolution against a colonial empire in world history, Washington became an international icon for liberation and nationalism. His symbolism especially resonated in France and Latin America. Historical scholars consistently rank him as one of the two or three greatest presidents.

copy from : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington

Interjection (Kata Seru) adalah suatu bunyi seru yang ditambahkan ke dalam kalimat untuk menunjukkan perasaan atau emosi yang kuat seperti kegembiraan, kesedihan, keterkejutan, persetujuan, keheranan, dsb.

Contoh:

• Hey! Get off that floor!
• Oh, that is a surprise. 
• Good! Now we can move on.
• Jeepers, that was close.adaa

Ekspresi pengantar seperti "yes", "no", "indeed" dan "well" dalam Bahasa Inggris juga disebut Interjection.

Contoh:

• Indeed, this is not the first time the stand has collapsed.
• Yes, I do intend to honour the bet.

Ada juga bunyi atau suara yang juga dianggap Interjection

Contoh:

• Phew! I am not trying that again.
• Humph! I knew that last week.
• Mmmm, my compliments to the chef.

CATATAN
Tanda Baca
Interjection dapat diikuti oleh koma atau tanda seru. Koma digunakan untuk menunjukkan seruan yang ringan atau lembut, sedangkan tanda seru digunakan untuk menyatakan seruan yang lebih kuat seperti terkejut, emosi, marah, atau perasaan yang lebih mendalam lainnya.

• Hurry! The bus is about to leave!
• Jeepers! That is the largest beetle I have ever seen.
• No, I'm not going tomorrow night.
• Well, the larva moves more quickly than you would expect.
• Absolutely, a fifth of them do not count.

Subject + shall  + Verb 1 + …                 will

1. Untuk menggambarkan suatu peristiwa yang akan terjadi.

2. Untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang terjadi di masa mendatang yangbukan merupakan keinginan atau kehendak.

Subject + Had + Verb 3

Subject + was  + Verb- ing                 were

1. Untuk menggambarkan peristiwa yang sedang terjadi pada masa lampau.

2. Untuk menggambarkan suatu peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung pada waktu lampau, dimana peristiwa lain juga terjadi .

       When I was walking to school, I met Dian sastro

POLA:
Subject + Verb 2 + Object + ….

FUNGSI:
Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa lampau.
Contoh:
I met my music teacher yesterday.
My mother bought a new carpet last Sunday.
Rendy closed the window five minutes ago.
The students presented their project work this morning.

KETERANGAN WAKTU:
- Last …. - …ago - This afternoon
- Just now - This morning - Yesterday

POLA :
Subject + Have + Been + Verb-ing
Has

FUNGSI :
Untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang mulai dilakukan pada waktu lampau dan sampai sekarang masih berlangsung.
Contoh:
My sister has been studying English for three months.
The students have been doing the test since 11 o’clock.

KETERANGAN WAKTU: For, since.

Subject + Have  +  Verb 3 + ….                  Has

2. Untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang pernah dilakukan dan mungkin dilakukan lagi di waktu yang akan datang.

menyatakan bahwa subject kalimat sedang melakukan suatu kegiatan. Pada saat dibicarakan (now), kejadian atau aktivitas tersebut sedang berlangsung.

POLA :
( + ) Subject +  (is/am/are)  + (Verb1+ing)
( - ) Subject +  (is/ am/are)  + not + (Verb1+ing) 
( ? ) (Is/Am/Are)  + Subject + (Verb1+ ing)

Contoh
( + ) Farmers in Jati Bali are growing rice crops now. (Petani-petani di Jati Bali sedang bercock tanam padi sekarang)
( - ) We are not studying English now. (Kita tidak sedang belajar bahasa Inggris sekarang)
( ? )   Are we studying English at the moment? (Apakah kita sedang belajar bahasa Inggris sekarang?)

Bahasa Inggris memang kaya gado-gado, makanya bisa dibilang ga punya peraturan (Grammar) yang fix, itulah sebabnya saya tidak menganjurkan Grammar pada Anda di awal perjalanan.


Bahasa itu sendiri awalnya masih satu rumpun dengan bahasa Jerman Purba yang kemudian berkembang melalui akulturasi dengan bangsa-bangsa yang melakukan invasi ke tanah tumpah darah bangsa Inggris. Sebut saja awalnya adalah bangsa Celtic, suku nya disebut brighton dari situ muncul istilah The Great Britain selanjutnya awal Masehi masuklah invasi bangsa Romawi, lalu Jutes ..lalu Anglo ..lalu Saxon dan terakhir adalah Norman French.

Masuknya invasi masing-masing bangsa ini memberikan pengaruh dan perubahan warna kepada Bahasa Inggris sebelumnya yang sudah ada. Walaupun 70% kosakata bahasa Inggris itu merupakan perpaduan dari bahasa Anglo dan Saxon (dari kata Anglo > England atau daerah bangsa Anglo). Namun warna-warna bahasa Romawi serta perancis sedikit banyak ikut memberi warna pada wujud bahasa Inggris yang ada saat ini.

Daerah2 yang berakhiran ~sex seperti wessex, atau essex itu dulunya bekas didiami bangsa Saxon. Adapun England tentu saja bangsa Anglo. Lalu daerah yang berakhiran ~chester, seperti Manchester, Winchester itu dulunya bekas diami nya bangsa Romawi, dll. Jangan heran kata BEFORE jika di England artinya dihadapan, tapi di scotland artinya ’sebelum’. Di daerah essex pernah saya tulis sebelumnya, mereka tidak mengenal objective pronouns – sehingga mereka mengatakan ‘You love I …bukan You love ME’ Masih banyak lagi contoh2 yang membuktikan bagaimana bahasa Inggris itu sendiri tidak konsisten, lalu kenapa kita mendahulukan GRAMMAR ??

Masuknya invasi Norman French yang akhirnya menurunkan raja dan ratu Inggris saat ini, sedikit banyak memberikan warna baru pada Bahasa Inggris yang terus berkembang dari bahasa Inggris purba (old English, punah abad ke 7), lalu Bahasa Inggris abad Menengah (Middle English) yang punah abad ke 15, serta saat ini yaitu Modern English
Bahasa Inggris yang saat ini kita gunakan adalah Modern English tentu saja, namun itupun masih terpecah menjadi 2 bagian besar yang disebut Bahasa Inggris gaya Amerika (American English) dan bahasa Inggris murni atau British English.

Terus di Indonesia pake gaya bahasa Inggris yang mana neh? Di Indonesia malah campuran, termasuk saya – bahkan tidak ada satupun instruktur bahasa Inggris yang berani menyebut dirinya menggunakan bahasa Inggris Amerika atau bahasa Inggris murni, karena toh mereka sama saja lahir nya ada yang di Tegal, Bangkalan, Medan ..hehe.

Okey ga usah pikirin, yang penting start awal langsung gunakan. Langsung praktek, langsung dipake ..Grammar, ga usah pikirin dulu bro.